Physical Culture and Its Role in Training the Students of Non-sports Higher Educational Institutions

The aim of the investigation is to show long-felt need of formation of proof motivation to physical culture and skills of a healthy way of life among university students, whose specialties are not connected with the sports. Methods. The methods involve survey and questionnaire as a part of sociological research (such methods were used to find out what place occupies health in the system of modern students’ values, and what are be the basic motives of a healthy way of life of student’s youth). The standard computer statistical analysis was applied to processing of research results. Scientific novelty and results. Modern interpretation of the term «physical training» is given. Authors of the present study maintain and prove the fact that not only simply applied aspect of the formation, helping to achieve quality health of the person and to get the competence of professional sports, but also a science concerning the ways and technologies of achievement of harmony of the personal development, provide successful preparation for work on the chosen specialty. Data of sociological research shows stereotypic representations of students on physical training as a way of improvement of muscles work and increase its weight. The research show total imperception of the fact that muscles activity is reflected in emotionally-shaped thinking; successful mastering of modern scientific knowledge, active ability to live, successful implementation of personal and professional plans are impossible without such activities. Low valeological competence of parents, school teachers, tutors and teachers of higher schools is revealed as the main reason of an absence of students’ organisation skills of a healthy way of life, and upkeeping the state of health. Practical significance. Research materials justify that the system of mass physical training requires conceptual reforming; it is required to include reconsideration of a place and role of the so-named discipline in the higher school Цель статьи – показать назревшую необходимость формирования у студентов вузов, чьи специальности не связаны со спортом, стойкой мотивации занятиями физкультурой и навыков здорового образа жизни. Методы. Для выяснения, какое место занимает здоровье в системе ценностей современных студентов и каковы могут быть основные мотивы здорового образа жизни студенческой молодежи, авторами было проведено социологическое исследование, в ходе которого использовались опрос и анкетирование. Для обработки результатов исследования применялся стандартный компьютерный статистический анализ. Научная новизна и результаты. Дано современное толкование термина «физическая культура». Авторы настаивают и доказывают, что это не просто прикладной аспект образования, помогающий добиться высокого качества здоровья человека и приобрести компетенции в профессиональном спорте, но и наука о способах и технологиях достижения гармонии личностного развития, обеспечивающих успешную подготовку к работе по выбранной специальности. Данные социологического исследования демонстрируют стереотипные представления студентов о физической культуре как способе улучшения работы мышц и увеличении их массы и полное отсутствие понимания, что деятельность мышц отражается на эмоционально-образном мышлении, без которого невозможно успешное усвоение современных научных знаний, активная жизнедеятельность, успешное претворение в жизнь личных и профессиональных планов. Выявлена главная причина недостатка умений и навыков у студентов в организации здорового образа жизни, поддержании в порядке своего самочувствия – низкая валеологическая грамотность родителей, школьных педагогов, воспитателей и преподавателей вузов. Практическая значимость. Материалы исследования в очередной раз подтверждают, что система массовой физической культуры нуждается в концептуальном реформировании, требуется в том числе и пересмотр места и роли одноименной дисциплины в высшей школе

Coherent control with a short-wavelength free-electron laser

Extreme ultraviolet and X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) produce short-wavelength pulses with high intensity, ultrashort duration, well-defined polarization and transverse coherence, and have been utilized for many experiments previously possible only at long wavelengths: multiphoton ionization, pumping an atomic laser and four-wave mixing spectroscopy. However one important optical technique, coherent control, has not yet been demonstrated, because self-amplified spontaneous emission FELs have limited longitudinal coherence. Single-colour pulses from the FERMI seeded FEL are longitudinally coherent, and two-colour emission is predicted to be coherent. Here, we demonstrate the phase correlation of two colours, and manipulate it to control an experiment. Light of wavelengths 63.0 and 31.5nm ionized neon, and we controlled the asymmetry of the photoelectron angular distribution by adjusting the phase, with a temporal resolution of 3as. This opens the door to new short-wavelength coherent control experiments with ultrahigh time resolution and chemical sensitivity

Fluorinated α-aminophosphonates—a new type of irreversible inhibitors of serine hydrolases

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/45794/1/10628_2005_Article_41.pd

Replacement of histidine in position 105 in the alpha(5) subunit by cysteine stimulates zolpidem sensitivity of alpha(5)beta(2)gamma(2) GABA(A) receptors

Zolpidem is a positive allosteric modulator of GABA(A) receptors with sensitivity to subunit composition. While it acts with high affinity and efficacy at GABA(A) receptors containing the alpha(1) subunit, it has a lower affinity to GABA(A) receptors containing alpha(2), alpha(3), or alpha(5) subunits and has a very weak efficacy at receptors containing the alpha(5) subunit. Here, we show that replacing histidine in position 105 in the alpha(5) subunit by cysteine strongly stimulates the effect of zolpidem in receptors containing the alpha(5) subunit. The side chain volume of the amino acid residue in this position does not correlate with the modulation by zolpidem. Interestingly, serine is not able to promote the potentiation by zolpidem. The homologous residues to alpha(5)H105 in alpha(1), alpha(2), and alpha(3) are well-known determinants of the action of classical benzodiazepines. Other studies have shown that replacement of these histidines alpha(1)H101, alpha(2)H101, and alpha(3)H126 by arginine, as naturally present in alpha(4) and alpha(6), leads to benzodiazepine insensitivity of these receptors. Thus, the nature of the amino acid residue in this position is not only crucial for the action of classical benzodiazepines but in alpha(5) containing receptors also for the action of zolpidem

Polarization Control in Two-Color Above-Threshold Ionization of Atomic Helium

Two-color multiphoton ionization of atomic helium was investigated by combining extreme ultraviolet (XUV) radiation from the Free Electron Laser in Hamburg with an intense synchronized optical laser. In the photoelectron spectrum, lines associated with direct ionization and above-threshold ionization show strong variations of their amplitudes as a function of both the intensity of the optical dressing field and the relative orientation of the linear polarization vectors of the two fields. The polarization dependence provides direct insight into the symmetry of the outgoing electrons in above-threshold ionization. In the high field regime, the monochromaticity of the XUV radiation enables the unperturbed observation of nonlinear processes in the optical field